How To Identify A Sears Kit Home: A Comprehensive Guide
Hey there, history buffs and architecture enthusiasts! Ever stumbled upon a charming old house and wondered about its story? Well, if you're in North America, especially the US, there's a chance you might've just spotted a Sears Kit Home. These homes, sold through the Sears Roebuck catalog from 1908 to 1940, are a fascinating piece of American history, and identifying one can be like uncovering a hidden treasure. So, how do you spot a Sears Kit Home? Let's dive into the clues and become Sears Kit Home sleuths!
What is a Sears Kit Home?
Before we start hunting, let's understand what we're looking for. Imagine ordering a house from a catalog – sounds wild, right? But that's exactly what Sears offered! They weren't selling fully built homes; instead, they provided kits containing nearly everything needed to construct a house, from lumber and nails to windows and doors. These kits were shipped by rail, and the buyer, often with the help of local carpenters, would assemble the house themselves. Over 70,000 of these homes were sold, making them a significant part of the American housing landscape. The appeal was simple: affordability, quality, and a wide variety of styles to choose from. From cozy bungalows to grand two-story homes, Sears had a design for almost every taste and budget. This innovative approach to homeownership made the dream of owning a home accessible to many families.
Initial Clues: Setting the Stage
Okay, so you've got a hunch about a house. Where do you even begin? Start with the basics: location and age. Sears Kit Homes were primarily sold in the eastern half of the United States, with a strong presence in the Midwest and Northeast. Knowing this narrows down your search significantly. Next, consider the time period. Since these homes were sold between 1908 and 1940, the house's construction date should fall within this range. You can often find this information through local property records or historical societies. If the house was built before or after this period, it's unlikely to be a Sears Kit Home, but if it falls within this range, you're on the right track. Another initial clue is the overall architectural style. Sears offered a diverse range of styles, including Craftsman, Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, and more. Familiarizing yourself with these styles will help you quickly assess whether the house aligns with Sears' offerings. Look for common features like gabled roofs, dormers, front porches, and specific window and door configurations. A visual match to one of the known Sears models is a promising sign.
Location and Age
In identifying a Sears Kit Home, location and age serve as crucial initial filters. Remember, these homes were predominantly sold and constructed in the eastern regions of the United States, particularly in the Midwest and Northeast. This geographical focus stems from the efficient rail networks that Sears utilized to ship their kits. Therefore, if the house you're investigating is situated in these areas, the likelihood of it being a Sears Kit Home increases substantially. However, it's essential to note that while the majority were built in these regions, some Sears homes can be found in other parts of the country as well, albeit less frequently. Age is the next critical factor. Sears sold their kit homes from 1908 to 1940. This timeframe provides a definitive window for when the house could have been constructed. Public records, such as property deeds and tax assessments, often list the construction date. Additionally, local historical societies or libraries might have records that can provide further clarity. If the construction date falls outside this range, you can confidently rule out the possibility of it being a Sears Kit Home. However, if the age aligns with this period, you'll want to proceed with further investigation using the other clues.
Architectural Style
Delving into the architectural style of a house is another pivotal step in determining if it's a Sears Kit Home. Sears offered a diverse catalog of home designs, catering to a wide range of tastes and preferences prevalent during the early 20th century. Familiarizing yourself with these styles will enable you to quickly assess whether the house in question aligns with Sears' offerings. Some of the most popular architectural styles featured in the Sears catalog include the Craftsman, Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, and various bungalow styles. Each of these styles has distinct characteristics that can serve as visual cues. Craftsman homes, for instance, typically feature low-pitched gabled roofs, wide eaves, exposed rafters, and prominent front porches supported by thick columns. Colonial Revival homes often showcase symmetrical facades, multi-pane windows, and decorative entryways. Tudor Revival homes are distinguished by their steeply pitched roofs, decorative half-timbering, and prominent chimneys. Bungalows, known for their compact and efficient layouts, come in various sub-styles, such as the California Bungalow and the Prairie Bungalow. When examining a house, pay close attention to these architectural details. Does the roofline match the characteristic pitch of a particular style? Are there decorative elements, such as brackets or corbels, that are commonly found in certain styles? How are the windows and doors configured? A visual match to one of the known Sears models is a strong indicator that you might be on the right track. Online resources and books dedicated to architectural styles can be invaluable tools in this process. By developing a keen eye for architectural details, you can significantly narrow down the possibilities and increase your confidence in identifying a Sears Kit Home.
The Nitty-Gritty: Identifying Features
Alright, you've got a potential Sears Kit Home on your hands. Now it's time to get into the details. This is where the real detective work begins! There are several key features to look for, both inside and outside the house. One of the most telling signs is the presence of stamped lumber. Sears often stamped their lumber with a letter and a number, like "S" or a model number. This stamp can be found on exposed lumber in the attic, basement, or behind walls during renovations. If you spot this, you've hit a major clue! Another important feature is the unique hardware. Sears used specific hardware, including doorknobs, hinges, and light fixtures, that were unique to their kits. Researching these hardware styles can help you identify original features. The layout and floor plan of the house are also crucial. Sears offered a limited number of floor plans, and these plans were consistently used across different models. Comparing the layout of the house to known Sears floor plans can be very revealing. Additionally, look for specific millwork details, such as trim, molding, and staircases. Sears had distinctive millwork designs, and these details can be matched to catalog images and specifications. Remember, no single feature guarantees a Sears Kit Home, but the more of these details you find, the stronger the case becomes.
Stamped Lumber
One of the most compelling pieces of evidence in identifying a Sears Kit Home is the presence of stamped lumber. During the manufacturing process, Sears often stamped the lumber used in their kits with identifying marks. These stamps typically consist of a letter, such as "S" for Sears, and a series of numbers, which could represent the model number or other identifying information. Locating these stamps can provide definitive proof that the house is indeed a Sears Kit Home. However, finding stamped lumber requires a bit of detective work and sometimes a bit of luck. The best places to look for these stamps are in areas where the original lumber is still exposed, such as the attic, basement, or behind walls during renovations. In the attic, examine the rafters and joists for any markings. In the basement, check the floor joists and support beams. If you're undertaking renovations, keep an eye out for stamps on studs and other framing members. Keep in mind that not all lumber in a Sears Kit Home will be stamped. Over time, some stamps may have faded or become obscured by paint or other finishes. Additionally, some homeowners may have replaced sections of lumber during renovations. Therefore, even if you don't find stamped lumber, it doesn't necessarily rule out the possibility of it being a Sears Kit Home. However, if you do find stamped lumber, it's a significant discovery that strongly supports the identification.
Unique Hardware
The hardware used in a house – the doorknobs, hinges, light fixtures, and other metal fittings – can provide valuable clues in identifying a Sears Kit Home. Sears sourced specific hardware designs and styles for their kits, and many of these pieces are distinctive and not commonly found in other types of homes. Researching Sears' hardware offerings can help you recognize these unique features. Start by examining the doorknobs and escutcheons (the decorative plates around the doorknobs). Sears often used particular designs and materials, such as cast iron, brass, and glass, that were characteristic of the period. The style of the hinges can also be telling. Sears often used specific hinge designs and finishes that were consistent across their kits. Light fixtures are another important area to investigate. Sears offered a range of lighting fixtures, from simple pendants to more elaborate chandeliers, in styles that were popular during the early 20th century. Look for fixtures that match the architectural style of the house and are consistent with Sears' catalog offerings. Original Sears hardware may also have manufacturer's marks or patent dates stamped on them. These markings can provide additional confirmation of their authenticity. Over time, some original hardware may have been replaced, so the absence of Sears-specific hardware doesn't necessarily rule out the possibility of it being a Sears Kit Home. However, if you find original hardware that matches Sears' designs, it's a strong indication that you're on the right track. Online resources and antique hardware dealers can be valuable resources for researching Sears' hardware styles and identifying original pieces.
Floor Plans and Millwork
Delving into the floor plans and millwork of a house is crucial in identifying a Sears Kit Home. Sears offered a finite number of floor plans, and these plans were consistently used across different models. This means that if you can match the layout of the house to a known Sears floor plan, you've made a significant step in the identification process. Fortunately, many Sears catalogs and floor plans have been digitized and are available online. Start by sketching out a rough floor plan of the house you're investigating. Note the arrangement of rooms, the location of doorways and windows, and the overall flow of the space. Then, compare your sketch to the available Sears floor plans. Pay attention to the dimensions of the rooms and the placement of key features, such as staircases and fireplaces. If you find a floor plan that closely matches the house, it's a strong indicator that it could be a Sears Kit Home. In addition to floor plans, the millwork – the trim, molding, staircases, and other wooden details – can also provide valuable clues. Sears had distinctive millwork designs, and these details can be matched to catalog images and specifications. Examine the trim around windows and doors, the baseboards, and the crown molding. Look for specific patterns and profiles that are characteristic of Sears' offerings. The staircase is another key area to investigate. Sears staircases often have distinctive features, such as turned balusters and carved newel posts. By comparing the millwork details of the house to known Sears designs, you can further strengthen your identification. It's important to remember that some homeowners may have altered the floor plan or replaced some of the original millwork over time. However, if you find a floor plan and millwork details that are consistent with Sears' offerings, it significantly increases the likelihood that the house is a Sears Kit Home.
Digging Deeper: Research and Documentation
So, you've gathered some clues and have a strong suspicion. What's next? Time for some serious research! One of the best resources is the Sears Archives. While Sears doesn't maintain a comprehensive database of all their kit homes, they do have a wealth of information, including catalogs, blueprints, and historical documents. Contacting the Sears Archives can be a valuable step in your investigation. Another avenue to explore is local historical societies. These organizations often have extensive knowledge of local architecture and history, and they may have records or information about Sears Kit Homes in your area. They might even have local experts who can help you with your identification. Online resources are also a treasure trove of information. Websites and forums dedicated to Sears Kit Homes can provide valuable insights, images, and discussions. You can often find fellow enthusiasts who are willing to share their knowledge and experiences. Don't underestimate the power of property records. Deeds, mortgages, and building permits can provide clues about the history of the house and its original owners. These records may mention the Sears name or provide other valuable information. Finally, consider a professional assessment. If you're still unsure, hiring a professional architectural historian or a Sears Kit Home expert can provide a definitive answer. These experts have the knowledge and experience to thoroughly evaluate the house and its features.
Sears Archives and Historical Societies
When you're deep into the quest of identifying a Sears Kit Home, the Sears Archives and local historical societies become invaluable allies. Think of them as your research headquarters, brimming with resources and expertise that can significantly aid your investigation. The Sears Archives, while not maintaining a complete registry of all kit homes sold, holds a treasure trove of historical documents, catalogs, and blueprints. These resources can provide crucial insights into the designs, materials, and construction methods used by Sears. Contacting the Sears Archives can be a pivotal step in your research process. They might have information specific to the model you suspect or offer general guidance on identifying features and styles. Historical societies, particularly those in the regions where Sears Kit Homes were most prevalent, are goldmines of local architectural history. These societies often have extensive knowledge about the houses in their area, including those that might be Sears models. They might possess old photographs, property records, or even oral histories that can shed light on the origins of a house. Engaging with a local historical society can connect you with experts and enthusiasts who have firsthand experience in identifying Sears Kit Homes. They can provide invaluable insights and guidance based on their knowledge of local architectural styles and building practices. Furthermore, historical societies often conduct workshops and tours focused on local architecture, which can be an excellent way to deepen your understanding of Sears Kit Homes and their place in the community.
Online Resources and Property Records
In the digital age, online resources have become indispensable tools for researchers, and identifying a Sears Kit Home is no exception. The internet is a vast repository of information, offering a wealth of resources that can aid your investigation. Websites and forums dedicated to Sears Kit Homes are particularly valuable. These platforms often host discussions, photographs, and shared knowledge from enthusiasts and experts. You can find detailed information about various Sears models, including their floor plans, architectural styles, and distinctive features. Online communities can also provide a supportive environment for sharing your findings and seeking advice from others who have experience in identifying these homes. Property records, including deeds, mortgages, and building permits, are another critical source of information. These documents can provide clues about the history of the house, its original owners, and any potential connections to Sears. Deeds, for example, might mention the name of the original builder or provide details about the purchase of materials. Mortgages can sometimes indicate the source of financing, which might lead to Sears or a related entity. Building permits can reveal the construction date and any subsequent renovations or additions, helping you understand the evolution of the house. Accessing property records typically involves visiting the local county recorder's office or utilizing online databases maintained by the county or state. While navigating these records can sometimes be challenging, the information they contain can be invaluable in piecing together the history of the house and determining if it's a Sears Kit Home. By combining online resources with a thorough examination of property records, you can significantly enhance your research efforts and increase your chances of a successful identification.
The Eureka Moment: Confirmation and Celebration
After all the sleuthing, research, and digging, you've finally gathered enough evidence to confidently say, "This is a Sears Kit Home!" What a fantastic feeling! But how do you know for sure? The key is to have a preponderance of evidence. No single clue is definitive, but a combination of factors – the location and age, the architectural style, the stamped lumber, the unique hardware, the floor plan and millwork – creates a compelling case. The more clues you uncover, the stronger your confidence will be. Once you're confident in your identification, it's time to celebrate! You've not only identified a piece of history, but you've also gained a deeper appreciation for the craftsmanship and ingenuity of the Sears Kit Home era. Consider sharing your discovery with local historical societies or online communities. Your findings could contribute to a broader understanding of these fascinating homes. You might even inspire others to embark on their own Sears Kit Home hunts! Owning or identifying a Sears Kit Home is a special connection to the past. These homes are tangible reminders of a time when innovation and affordability made homeownership accessible to many. So, the next time you see a charming old house, remember the clues and the thrill of the hunt. You might just uncover a hidden gem!
Putting It All Together
Identifying a Sears Kit Home is akin to solving a historical puzzle, where each clue serves as a piece that, when correctly placed, reveals the bigger picture. Reaching the "Eureka!" moment requires a meticulous and methodical approach, one that synthesizes all the gathered information into a compelling conclusion. The key is to avoid relying solely on a single piece of evidence. Instead, aim for a preponderance of evidence, where the cumulative weight of the clues strongly suggests a Sears origin. Start by revisiting the initial indicators: the location and age of the house. Does it fall within the geographical regions and time period where Sears Kit Homes were primarily sold? Next, assess the architectural style. Does it align with the styles featured in Sears' catalogs, such as Craftsman, Colonial Revival, or Tudor Revival? Then, delve into the more detailed clues. Have you found stamped lumber with the telltale Sears markings? Does the hardware exhibit the unique designs and materials characteristic of Sears' offerings? Does the floor plan match known Sears models? Are the millwork details consistent with Sears' specifications? The more of these questions you can answer in the affirmative, the stronger your confidence in the identification will grow. It's also crucial to consider any potential counter-evidence. Are there features or aspects of the house that seem inconsistent with Sears' designs? If so, further investigation might be warranted to rule out other possibilities. Once you've weighed all the evidence and reached a confident conclusion, you can celebrate your success in identifying a piece of American history. Remember, the journey of identification is just as rewarding as the destination. The process of researching, exploring, and piecing together the clues provides a deeper appreciation for these fascinating homes and the era in which they were built.
Sharing Your Discovery
Once you've confidently identified a Sears Kit Home, the excitement doesn't have to end there! Sharing your discovery can be a rewarding experience, allowing you to connect with fellow enthusiasts, contribute to the broader understanding of these homes, and perhaps even inspire others to embark on their own Sears Kit Home hunts. One of the most impactful ways to share your findings is to connect with local historical societies. These organizations are often eager to learn about the historical significance of properties in their area, and your discovery could be a valuable addition to their knowledge base. They might be interested in documenting the house, featuring it in local architectural tours, or even adding it to their archives. Sharing your story with historical societies helps preserve the legacy of Sears Kit Homes and ensures that future generations can appreciate their unique place in American history. Online communities dedicated to Sears Kit Homes provide another excellent platform for sharing your discovery. These forums and websites are filled with enthusiasts who are passionate about these homes and eager to learn from others. You can post photographs, share your research process, and discuss the clues that led to your identification. Engaging with online communities can connect you with experts and fellow enthusiasts who can offer additional insights and support. Sharing your findings online also contributes to a growing database of knowledge about Sears Kit Homes, making it easier for others to identify these homes in the future. If you're the homeowner, consider documenting the history of your house and sharing it with potential buyers. Knowing that a house is a Sears Kit Home can add to its charm and value, attracting buyers who appreciate its historical significance. You can create a scrapbook, a website, or even a simple information sheet to share with prospective buyers. Sharing your discovery not only celebrates the history of the house but also ensures that its story continues to be told for years to come.
