Philippines Should Remove Missiles From South China Sea: China's Demand

Aria Freeman

4 min read

Post on May 20, 2025

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China's Stance and Justification

China's position is rooted in its expansive claim to the South China Sea, primarily based on the controversial "nine-dash line." This historical demarcation, unilaterally claimed by China, encompasses a vast area of the sea, overlapping with the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of several Southeast Asian nations, including the Philippines.

• The Nine-Dash Line: This ambiguous boundary lacks a clear legal basis under international law and is widely disputed by neighboring countries and international bodies. Its historical origins are contested, further complicating its legitimacy.

• China's Security Concerns: China argues that the presence of Philippine missiles poses a direct threat to its security and territorial integrity within its claimed area. They cite a perceived need to protect their sovereignty and resources within the region, justifying their aggressive stance as a necessary defensive measure.

• Military Buildup: China's significant military buildup in the South China Sea, including the construction of artificial islands with military facilities, further underscores its assertive posture and contributes to heightened regional tensions. This military presence serves as a tangible demonstration of China's determination to enforce its claims.

The Philippines' Perspective and Justification

The Philippines vehemently rejects China's claims, citing the 2016 ruling by the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This landmark ruling invalidated China's nine-dash line claim and affirmed the Philippines' sovereign rights within its EEZ.

• The 2016 UNCLOS Ruling: This legally binding decision reinforced the Philippines' rights to explore and exploit resources within its EEZ, significantly undermining the legitimacy of China's expansive claims.

• Self-Defense Capabilities: The Philippines argues that its missile deployment is purely defensive, aimed at protecting its sovereign territory and its citizens. These capabilities are presented as a necessary deterrent against potential aggression and a means of safeguarding its legitimate interests in the region.

• Commitment to International Law: The Philippines consistently emphasizes its commitment to upholding international law, particularly UNCLOS, and resolving disputes peacefully through diplomacy and international mechanisms. This commitment forms a cornerstone of their approach to the ongoing conflict.

International Implications and Regional Stability

The South China Sea dispute has far-reaching implications for regional stability and international relations. The actions of both China and the Philippines impact not only their bilateral relationship but also the broader geopolitical landscape of Southeast Asia.

• ASEAN's Role: The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) plays a crucial role in mediating the dispute, striving to maintain peace and foster diplomatic solutions. However, ASEAN's approach is often hampered by internal divisions and the difficulty of confronting China's assertiveness directly.

• US Involvement: The United States’ involvement in the South China Sea, through its freedom of navigation operations and military alliances with regional partners, adds another layer of complexity. The US presence acts as a counterbalance to China's influence, but it also carries the risk of further escalation.

• Potential for Escalation: The potential for accidental conflict or miscalculation is significant, given the increasing military presence and assertive actions of both countries. De-escalation requires a commitment to diplomatic engagement and adherence to international law.

• Diplomatic Efforts: Peaceful resolution through ongoing diplomatic channels, including international arbitration and adherence to established legal frameworks, remains the most crucial step towards de-escalating tensions and fostering long-term regional stability.

Economic Considerations

The economic stakes are high. The South China Sea is rich in maritime resources, including fisheries and potential hydrocarbon reserves. Disputes over these resources disrupt trade routes and negatively impact the livelihoods of millions who depend on the sea for their economic well-being. The disruption to vital shipping lanes could also severely impact global trade and economic growth.

Conclusion

The demand by China for the Philippines to remove its missiles from the South China Sea highlights a complex and volatile geopolitical situation. This dispute involves a clash of competing claims, national security concerns, and significant economic interests. Respect for international law, particularly the UNCLOS ruling, and a commitment to peaceful conflict resolution are paramount to ensuring regional stability and preventing potential escalation. It is imperative that all stakeholders engage in constructive dialogue and prioritize diplomatic solutions. We urge readers to stay informed about ongoing developments regarding the Philippines, South China Sea, and missile deployment to foster a deeper understanding of this critical issue and advocate for peaceful resolutions based on international law.